Taxation Versus Supply And Demand Elasticity - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 728 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2018/12/19 Category Finance Essay Type Research paper Level High school Tags: Consumer Rights Essay Taxation Essay Did you like this example? In inelastic good market, change in price does not cause any change in the consumption, for elastic goods changes in prices trigger great changes in the consumption patterns. An imposition of exercise tax by the government increases the levels of prices for the target good. The change in the quantity supplied and demanded depends on the elasticity on the both sides of supply and demand. For goods whose both supply and demand elasticity are elastic, little revenue can be gained since the buyer and consumers can alter their expenditures and supplies on the goods whose price has been increased by the taxes. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Taxation Versus Supply And Demand Elasticity" essay for you Create order In a case where the demand is inelastic and supply elastic only suppliers have a choice of changing their expenditure patterns and thus the tax imposition lies its burden heavily on consumers and not the producers. The producers can alter the level of production (supply level) to suit the market equilibrium. Consumers have no choice since they are addicted to the products thus little or no change in the consumption pattern once the tax is imposed. In this case a tax imposition or an increase in the rate of exercise tax will yield higher revenue compared to a case of elastic goods though the tax burden is heavily laid on the consumers. A case where both supply and demand are inelastic reaps of higher amount of revenue to the government once a tax is imposed. In this case tax burden is equally laid on producers and consumers for no one have an option to its choices on either production patterns or consumption patterns. When tax is imposed on the goods whose market equilibrium is indicated above the price changes from PE to a higher point say p1. Once this happened, the supply curve shifts backward for adjustments which alter the market equilibrium quantity from QE to a point back though along the consumption curve. In this case tax burden is equally laid on both consumers and producers. Imposition of exercise tax will shift PE to a higher level Tax imposition on butter will highly hurt consumers since the change it increases the prices and they cannot alter the quantity they demand. Only the suppliers can alter the quantity the supply, but thats impossible since the quantity demanded has not changed. As a consequence the tax imposition on guns would suit the government whose aim is not necessarily tax collection but cares on hurting the consumers (voters). CONSUMER PREFERENCES ON GOODS X and Y GIVEN THAT P(X) =P(Y), p(X) =price of x and p(Y) price of good Y. UTILITY FUNCTION, U (X,Y)=(X2+Y2). Utility function given describes a situation in which a bundle of X and Y goods have unit share of consumption. That is the consumer consumes one the same number of units at a given level of income (budget constraint). We trace whether the consumer preference for good X and Y satisfy the three axioms of consumer preference in utility. I) axiom of order or completeness- the utility function incorporates goods X and Y and thus it fulfills the axiom of completeness. Too, the consumer preference dictates for the choice of the most complete bundle- that for the two goods no good is left out. Ii) Axiom of transitivity the utility preference directs on the choice preferred by the customer that the higher level of utility indicate a better position for the consumer. Iii) Invariant transitivity from the consumer utility function for X and Y it is indicated that more bundles of X and Y can not provide a lesser utility. That is if there is an increase in the number of y and x then utility increases respectively. Therefore, the consumer preferences fulfill the three axioms of consumer preferences. Do the consumer preferences fulfill the decreasing marginal rate of substitution? Along the utility curve the marginal utility is always zero. I.e. the sum of partial derivatives of the utility is always zero. Therefore, using different points along the utility curve, we can construct a marginal rate of substitution curve. Whenever the consumer consumes more of y then for the utility to hold he/she consumes less of x and the same occurs whenever he/she consumes more of x, less of y. thus marginal rate of substitution occurs due diminishing marginal utility for consumption of more goods.

How The Middle Ages Influenced the Renaissance. - 1108 Words

The High Middle Ages (1001-1300) In the Middle Ages, art was centered around the Church. The purpose of art was to glorify the life, death, and resurrection of Jesus Christ (Altshuler, 2009, p. 127). Art was not made to produce a feeling it was made simply to tell a story. Artists were usually sanctioned by the church to complete specific works. All artists were male with the exception of some women who did embroideries (Altshuler, 2009, p. 127). Many different types of media was used during this time including; paint, embroidery, stain glass, relief statues and more. Artwork in the Middle Ages contained certain characteristics. In all forms of media, the figures in the piece were usually disproportionate. Their heads would appear†¦show more content†¦Science had been silenced for so many years by the church that it exploded in The Renaissance. New inventions and discoveries were being made rapidly. The entire attitude of everyday people had changed. People wanted things out of life other than a trip to Hea ven. People wanted to learn, to create, to grow as individuals. This attitude fueled artists to push themselves and in the end created so of the most well known pieces of art in all of history. The Relationship between The Middle Ages and The Renaissance The Middle Ages was all about order. The Church was the center of life and community. Each individual knew and accepted his or her place in society. The Renaissance was all about change. During The Renaissance, everything was challenged including the Church. Artists of great magnitude emerged during this time. Middle Age art and Renaissance art has one common characteristic: many are themed around Christianity. However, as far as style is concerned, the two periods vary greatly. Middle Age art was about function. The pieces told the stories of the Church and of war. The colors were muted because of a lack of good paint. Perspective and proportions were incorrect. The faces of figures were not realistic and generally very masculine. The statues were done in relief and the paintings seemed flat. In contrast, art in The Renaissance was about beauty. The pieces invoked emotion while telling a story. The colors were bright and v ibrantShow MoreRelatedArt and Architecture in the Middle Ages and Renaissance Essay949 Words   |  4 PagesThe difference between the Middle Ages and the Renaissance is most visible through art and architecture, demonstrated specifically through an emphasis on religion or classical antiquity, and humanity. During the Middle Ages, art was more religious because it had a very religious influence from the church having such great power in the community. When the Renaissance started, art became more focused on ancient Greece. The Greek influence was because scholars were broadly studying the revival of classicalRead MoreHumanities Essay959 Words   |  4 PagesThe Renaissance and Baroque periods in European history played an important role in the development of humanities in their respectable age. During these periods it established a time of rebirth in humanisms and improvement of cultural accomplishments. The Renaissance period provided artistic freedom and individualism. It beg an around the 14th century in Italy and spread throughout Europe until the 16th century. Renaissance means â€Å"rebirth† and humanism of the renaissance artist was to express themselvesRead MoreThe Renaissance Was A Time Of `` Rebirth `` And Changing Thoughts1226 Words   |  5 Pages The renaissance was a time of â€Å"rebirth† and changing thoughts. The time of the renaissance was between the 14th century and went to the 17th century.Prior to the renaissance, people of the dark age devoted their life towards god, the changing thoughts of the renaissance lead people to devote their life to learning. The people’s top priority was no longer pleasing God and doing good for God, instead they began to change their priorities. God was still a big part of people’s lives but there wasRead MoreLeonardo Da Vinci : The Renaissance951 Words   |  4 PagesThe Renaissance was a rebirth of creativity, freedom, individuality, independence and self- determination. During this time period where humanism was encouraged, there were countless Renaissance men. One astounding and well recognized man was Leonardo da Vinci, he had many aptitudes and talents that portrayed him to be an astonishing artist of the Renaissance time period. Leonardo da Vinci, Influenced many during the Renaissance, due to his great art, anatomy, science literature. As demonstratedRead MoreAn Instrument For The Discovery Of Truth1301 Words   |  6 PagesOn the contrary, Southern claims individualism stemmed from the development of knowledge and logic in the Middle Ages. He discusses how well-rounded knowledge directed a change in the structure of society. Knowledge is something present in all societies, but it is important to note that religious communities encouraged knowledge in expressing individualism, which was not present in the Catholic Church previously. The development of individualism in the secular society is crucial, because it meantRead MoreTaking a Loo k at the Italian Renaissance690 Words   |  3 Pages What did art represent in the Italian Renaissance? Explain the significance of the art in the Renaissance - using examples. 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There have been disagreements as to whether the Renaissance is actually a isolated time period, or instead, justRead MoreThe Renaissance And Its Influence On The Arts And Learning Succeeding The Dark Ages862 Words   |  4 PagesThe Renaissance acutely influenced the revival and rehabilitation of enthusiasm for the arts and learning succeeding the Dark ages. The Dark Ages was a time that consisted of barbarian attacks, whose sole intent was to erase the ancient teachings. T he Middle Ages differed from the time in which the Renaissance occurred. There are some main characteristics the Renaissance possessed. Galileo and Leonardo Da Vinci were pivotal to this time and their contributions were crucial to the achievement of theRead MoreRenaissance: Impact on English Literature1723 Words   |  7 PagesRenaissance: Impact on English Literature .   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Renaissance is a French word which means rebirth, reawakening or revival. In literature the term Renaissance is used to denote the revival of ancient classical literature and culture and re-awakening of human mind, after the long sleep in the Medieval Ages, to the glory, wonders and beauty of mans earthly life and nature. The great literary movement, Renaissance began in  Italy  with the fall of  Constantinople  in 1453. But its influenceRead MoreEssay on Medieval vs. Renaissance Art887 Words   |  4 PagesMedieval vs. Renaissance Art Art during the Italian Renaissance differed from art during the Middle Ages. The two have contrasting characteristics and concepts. To the people in the medieval world, religion was their life. Everything in daily life focused around the church and God (Modern World 164). Medieval culture influenced the arts; this was evident in the religious themes. During the Italian Renaissance, painters and other artists focused on the portrayal of a more humanistic way of

Marketing sustainability - 1333 Words

The relevance of sustainability in marketing decision making What is marketing? What exactly is marketing? Is it just convincing people to buy products through various media? Billboards, TV commercials, junk mail and magazines filled with advertisements? From the consumer’s perspective, that is how it seems (Kotler et al. 2010, p. 5). But from a business’s standpoint, marketing is viewed very differently. Marketing is viewed as being based on an exchange relationship between a business and its customers, where a business offers something of value, and customers purchase this product, which provides the business with the means to continue producing this item of value (Moscardo et al. 2010, p. 277). Where does sustainability fit into†¦show more content†¦Products labelled as â€Å"organic†, â€Å"biodegradable†, â€Å"made from recycled material† or other similar green claims are generally priced higher than conventional products (Kotler et al, 2010 pg 405). Low income earners, students, pensioners and the unemployed may not be able to afford a premium on sustainable products and will buy the cheapest alternative conventional product. Also, not all products on the market may have an available green alternative and therefore the consumer has no choice but to purchase a non-green product (Moscardo et al. 2010, p. 284). Greenwashing In the text, the issue of greenwashing was addressed and its impact on consumer purchase decisions and on the sustainability market. Greenswashing can be described as â€Å"the practice of overemphasising a company s environmental credentials, often by misinforming the public or understating potentially harmful activities† (Doyle 2011). The practice of greenwashing has led to consumers being more sceptical of products marketed as ‘green’ or ‘environmentally friendly’. 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Everyday Use Alice Walker Essay Example For Students

Everyday Use Alice Walker Essay The short story  «Everyday Use » is central in Alice Walkers writing, particularly as it represents her response to the concept of heritage as expressed by the Black political movements of the 60s.  «Everyday Use » is found in Alice Walkers collection of short stories, In Love and Trouble, which was published in 1973 (Walker 73). This was in the prime of the Black Power ideologies when  «Black was beautiful », the Afro hairstyle was in fashion and Blacks were seeking their cultural roots in Africa, without knowing too much about the continent or the routes of the Atlantic Slave Trade (Williams 45). I believe Dee has joined the movement of the Cultural Nationalism. The Cultural Nationalists emphasized the development of black art and culture to further black liberation, but were not militantly political, like, for example, the Black Panthers (Macedo 230). The ideas of the Cultural Nationalists often resulted in the vulgarization of black culture, exemplified in the wearing of robes, sandals, hairspray  «natural » style, etc (Cultural Nationalism 1-2). The central theme of the story concerns the way which an individual understands their present life in relation to the traditions of their people and culture. Dee tells her mother and Maggie that they do not understand their â€Å"heritage,† because they plan to put â€Å"priceless† heirloom quilts to â€Å"everyday use† (Walker 78). The story makes clear that Dee is equally confused about the nature of her inheritance both from her immediate family and from the larger black tradition. The matter of Dee’s name provides a good example of this confusion. Evidently, Dee has chosen her new name (†Wangero Leewanika Kemanjo†) to express solidarity with her African ancestors and to reject the oppression implied by the taking on of American names by black slaves. To her mother, the name â€Å"Dee† is symbolic of family unity; after all, she can trace it back to the time of the Civil War. To the mother, these names are significant because they belong to particular beloved individuals (Joy in a Common Setting 1). Dee’s confusion about the meaning of her heritage also emerges in her attitude toward the quilts and other household items. While she now rejects the names of her immediate ancestors, she eagerly values their old handmade goods, such as the hand-carved benches made for the table when the family could not afford to buy chairs. To Dee, artifacts such as the benches or the quilts are strictly aesthetic objects. It never occurs to her that they, too, are symbols of oppression. Her family made these things because they could not afford to buy them. Her admiration for them now seems to reflect a cultural trend toward valuing handmade objects, rather than any sincere interest in her â€Å"heritage. † After all, when she was offered a quilt before she went away to college, she rejected it as â€Å"old-fashioned, out of style (Joy in a Common Setting 1). Yet, a careful reading of the story will show that Dee is not the only one confused about the heritage of the black woman in the rural South. Although the mother and Maggie are skeptical of Dee, they recognize the limitations of their own lives. The mother has only a second-grade education and admits that she cannot imagine looking a strange white man in the eye. Maggie â€Å"knows she is not bright† and walks with a sidelong shuffle. Although their dispositions lead them to make the best of their lives, they admire Dee’s fierce pride even as they feel the force of her scorn (Walker 75). As Dee is rejected of the quilts, she storms out of the house without a word. As I read this, the question of why Dee only comes in order to get some of the family heirlooms and bring back with her Hakim-a-barber. Not only does she want the quilts, but she also wants Grandma Dee’s butter dish and Uncle Buddy’s churn. Dee does not come to see the house, Mama, or Maggie. When Dee leaves, she does not say good-bye, but exits without a word. This is another insult to her family. By leaving without saying anything she is reinforcing all her action proved earlier in the story. .u5c7104bff2c7209f1a158e34301596c2 , .u5c7104bff2c7209f1a158e34301596c2 .postImageUrl , .u5c7104bff2c7209f1a158e34301596c2 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u5c7104bff2c7209f1a158e34301596c2 , .u5c7104bff2c7209f1a158e34301596c2:hover , .u5c7104bff2c7209f1a158e34301596c2:visited , .u5c7104bff2c7209f1a158e34301596c2:active { border:0!important; } .u5c7104bff2c7209f1a158e34301596c2 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u5c7104bff2c7209f1a158e34301596c2 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u5c7104bff2c7209f1a158e34301596c2:active , .u5c7104bff2c7209f1a158e34301596c2:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u5c7104bff2c7209f1a158e34301596c2 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u5c7104bff2c7209f1a158e34301596c2 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u5c7104bff2c7209f1a158e34301596c2 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u5c7104bff2c7209f1a158e34301596c2 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u5c7104bff2c7209f1a158e34301596c2:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u5c7104bff2c7209f1a158e34301596c2 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u5c7104bff2c7209f1a158e34301596c2 .u5c7104bff2c7209f1a158e34301596c2-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u5c7104bff2c7209f1a158e34301596c2:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Teen Suicide (sociological) EssayIt is ironic when Dee states to her mama at the end of the story that, â€Å"You just don’t understand. † â€Å"What don’t I understand† Mama asks. Dee responds, â€Å"Your heritage. † Dee really thinks that she is more cultured than her family. She may be a rounder person, with more knowledge about different cultures and religions that she has learned in school, but she does not know as much of the family heritage as she thinks she does. Mama and Maggie, who are both less educated, know a great deal more about the family. At first glance one may perceive Dee to be more cultured about her family heritage, but with deeper examination one can see how what she does goes against and insult of her family and culture. Dee follows the fashion, and right now it is in to celebrate the distant African roots. She has discarded her given name, Dee because as she says: â€Å"I couldn’t bear it any longer, being named after the people who oppress me†(Walker 76). She fails to understand that the name, Dee, also goes back several generations on the American continent and therefore is more part of her heritage than an adopted African name which does not even make sense. The grandmother (sic! ) in Everyday Use is amazed that Dee would give up her name for the name Wangero. For Dee was the name of her great-grandmother, a woman who had kept her family together against all odds. Wangero might have sounded authentically African but it had no relationship to a person she knew, nor to the personal history that sustained her. (p 14). In addition to the skillful use of point of view, â€Å"Everyday Use† is enriched by Alice Walker’s development of symbols. In particular, the contested quilts become symbolic of the story’s theme; in a sense, they represent the past of the women in the family. Worked on by two generations, they contain bits of fabric from even earlier eras, including a scrap of a Civil War uniform worn by Great Grandpa Ezra. The debate over how the quilts should be treated–used or hung on the wall–summarizes the black woman’s dilemma about how to face the future Williams (40-45). Can her life be seen as continuous with that of her ancestors For Maggie, the answer is yes. Not only will she use the quilts, but also she will go on making more–she has learned the skill from Grandma Dee. For Dee, at least for the present, the answer is no. She would frame the quilts and hang them on the wall, distancing them from her present life and aspirations; to put them to everyday use would be to admit her status as a member of her old-fashioned family. Dee, like many of us, spent her whole life building an intricate image to show to the world, constantly tweaking and fixing the details, until she fit into the role of the person she wanted to be. However, it was when she ventured from the true roots of her family that she began adopting a culture and set of beliefs that were never hers to begin with. Still, it can be said that her intentions were generally good, as she was only trying to find her place to fit into the world. If she had only learned to take pride in the surroundings she was given, Dee could have found a greater amount of contentment within herself and her family (Macedo 85). Taken as a whole, while the story clearly endorses the commonsense perspective of Dee’s mother over Dee’s affectations, it does not disdain Dee’s struggle to move beyond the limited world of her youth. Clearly, however, she has not yet arrived at a stage of self-understanding. Her mother and sister are ahead of her in that respect.